Knowledge and Attitude towards Pregnancy Care and Delivery among Male Commercial Motorcyclists in Ibadan, Nigeria

Background: Men's influences are gradually being recognised in pregnancy and delivery care. The study aims to determine the knowledge and attitude of male commercial motorcyclists on pregnancy care and delivery of women. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among married male commercial motorcyclists, operating in Ibadan North Local Government Area selected using a cluster sampling technique. Data was collected using a pre-tested, structured interviewer-administered questionnaire, and analysed using SPSS version 16. Each section was evaluated using rating of a three-point Likert scale with each item scored based on responses ranging from disagree to agree. Results were presented in tables and charts. Results: Four hundred and fifty three male commercial motorcyclists were interviewed. The mean age was 34.2±7.3years, 301 (66.4%) had secondary education, while 390 (86.1%) were in a monogamous marriage. Thirty 30(6.6%) respondents did not know when their wives registered for ANC while majority, 444(98.1%) did not know the duration of their wives' labour. Few respondents 46 (10.2%) recognized vaginal bleeding as a common danger signs in pregnancy while 277 (61.1%) agree that women should have at least four ANC visits before delivery. Many of the respondents 315 (69.6%) had good knowledge, and 304 (67.1%) had positive attitude towards antenatal and delivery care. Conclusion: Educational efforts on maternal health care should also focus on the men to improve their knowledge, attitude and involvement in antenatal and pregnancy.

Redução das iniquidades sociais no acesso às tecnologias apropriadas ao parto na Rede Cegonha / Reduction of inequities of access to appropriate childbirth care in Rede Cegonha

Resumo Este artigo compara os achados da Avaliação da Rede Cegonha (ARC), estudo avaliativo sobre o programa Rede Cegonha (RC), com o Nascer no Brasil (NB), inquérito nacional sobre parto e nascimento, realizado em 2011-12, antes do início da implementação da RC. A ARC foi conduzida em 2017, em 606 maternidades envolvidas na RC e o NB e empregou uma amostra com representatividade nacional de 266 hospitais. Na análise atual, incluímos os 136 hospitais do SUS que participaram de ambos os estudos, totalizando 3.790 e 12.227 puérperas, respectivamente. Realizamos as comparações de boas práticas e intervenções no manejo do trabalho de parto e de parto utilizando o teste qui-quadrado para amostras independentes. A prevalência das boas práticas foi, em média, 150% maior na ARC que no NB, com maior aumento relativo nas regiões menos desenvolvidas, para mulheres mais velhas, pardas e pretas e menos escolarizadas. Com relação às intervenções, houve redução média de 30% entre o NB e a ARC, com maior redução relativa nas regiões menos desenvolvidas e nas mulheres menos escolarizadas. Houve melhoria significativa no cenário da atenção ao trabalho de parto e parto, com diminuição de iniquidades regionais, de nível de instrução e raciais no acesso às tecnologias apropriadas, sugerindo que a intervenção da RC foi efetiva.

Abstract This article compares the findings of "Avaliação da Rede Cegonha" (ARC - Stork Network Assessment), an evaluative study on the Rede Cegonha (RC - Stork Network) program, with Nascer no Brasil (NB - Born in Brazil), a national survey on labor and birth, conducted in 2011-12, before the start implementation of RC. ARC was conducted in 2017, in 606 maternity hospitals involved in RC and NB included a sample with national representation of 266 hospitals. In the current analysis, we included the 136 SUS hospitals that participated in both studies, totaling 3,790 and 12,227 puerperal women. We perform comparisons of best practices and interventions in the management of labor and delivery using Pearson's chi-square test for independent samples. The prevalence of best practices was, on average, 150% higher in ARC than in NB, with a greater relative increase in less developed regions, for older, brown and black women and less educated. Regarding interventions, there was an average reduction of 30% between NB and ARC, with a greater relative reduction in less developed regions and less educated women. There was a significant improvement in the scenario of care for labor and childbirth, with a reduction in regional, educational and racial inequalities in access to appropriate technologies, suggesting that the RC intervention was effective.

Assessing the link between endorsing attitudes justifying partner abuse and reproductive health care utilization among women in Lao PDR / Journal of Rural Medicine

Objective: Evidence from developing countries on the association between women’s endorsement of attitudes justifying partner abuse and their use of reproductive health services is suggestive but inconclusive. This study uses a nationally representative dataset from Lao PDR to provide strong evidence for the relationship between women’s endorsement of attitudes justifying partner abuse and use of reproductive health services.Methods: This study used data from the 2011–2012 Lao Social Indicator survey (LSIS). The analyses were performed on the responses of 4227 women. The exposure of interest in this study was endorsement of attitudes justifying partner abuse. Antenatal care (ANC) visits divided according to amount and quality, delivery care by type and place, and utilization of postnatal care (PNC) for mothers and newborn infants were used as representative outcome variables of reproductive health service utilization.Results: Approximately seven out of ten respondents (67.9%) believed that partner abuse was justified. Women who endorsed these attitudes were significantly less likely to receive any ANC, to seek institutional delivery, and to use trained medical personnel for delivery assistance. Endorsing attitudes were associated with reduced probability of receiving PNC services for mothers and newborn infants, reduced frequency of ANC visits, and receiving a fewer number of ANC components. Other sociodemographic factors likely to affect the increased utilization of several of the indicators of reproductive health care were living in the central region, belonging to the high bands of wealth, having higher level of education, being a young adult (20–34 years) or older (35–49 years), residing in urban areas, and being sexually empowered.Conclusions: In addition to a broad range of sociodemographic factors, our findings suggested that women’s endorsement of attitudes justifying partner abuse should be treated as an important psychosocial determinant of reproductive health care service utilization in Lao PDR.

Assistance to Normal Delivery in Two Public Maternities: Perception of the Health Professionals / Assistência para parto normal em duas maternidades públicas: percepção dos profissionais da saúde

Abstract Purpose To evaluate the perception of health professionals involved in the labor process and theassistanceto normal delivery, comparing two hospitals in the cityof Goiânia, Brazil, regarding the perception of theseprofessionals when they are performing the routines and practices recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO). Methods This is an analytical comparative study with a quantitative approach, performed in two public hospitals in the city of Goiânia, in the state of Goiás, Brazil. The study included 86 professionals working in assistance to immediate labor in two hospitals. A questionnaire containing 40 questions was applied. The questionnaire related to the Program for the Humanization of Prenatal and Childbirth Care (PHPN, in the Portuguese acronym) of the Brazilian Ministry of Health, the presence of a companion, and the procedures performed. For the data analysis, we used the chisquare and Fisher's exact tests. Results Most of the professionals claimed to know about the PHPN proposed by Brazilian Ministry of Health in the two hospitals. With regard to good practices, most professionals said that they are performed in maternity ward 2, while on maternity 1, although many of them are present, there are still many unnecessary interventions. Conclusion When comparing the two maternity hospitals, maternity 2, which was created as a routine humanization model, manages to better adhere to the WHO recommendations. In maternity 1, there was a series of interventions considered by the WHO as ineffective, or used in an inappropriate manner.

Resumo Objetivos avaliar a percepção dos profissionais de saúde envolvidos no processo do trabalho de parto quanto à assistência ao parto normal, e comparar duas maternidades de Goiânia quanto à percepção desses profissionais na realização das rotinas e práticas recomendadas pela Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS). Métodos Trata-se de um estudo analítico, comparativo, com abordagem quantitativa, realizado em duas maternidades públicas da cidade de Goiânia-GO. Participaram do estudo 86 profissionais que atuavam na assistência ao trabalho de parto imediato nas duas maternidades. Foi utilizado um questionário contendo 40 questões relacionadas ao programa de humanização no pré-natal e nascimento (PHPN) do Ministério da Saúde (MS), presença do acompanhante, e os procedimentos realizados. Para a análise dos dados, utilizou-se os testes Qui-quadrado e Exato de Fisher. Resultados A maioria dos profissionais afirmou conhecer sobre o PHPN proposto pelo MS nas duas maternidades. Com relação às boas práticas recomendadas, a maioria dos profissionais afirmou que elas são aplicadas na maternidade 2, enquanto, na maternidade 1, apesar de muitas delas estarem presentes, ainda há muitas intervenções desnecessárias. Conclusão quando comparadas as duas maternidades, a maternidade 2, que foi criada como modelo de humanização, a rotina se adéqua mais às recomendações da OMS. Já na maternidade 1, observou-se uma série de intervenções consideradas pela OMS como ineficazes ou utilizadas de forma inadequada.

Assistência ao parto de mulheres imigrantes: a vivência do enfermeiro obstetra/obstetriz / Labor and delivery care for immigrant women: the experience of obstetrics nurse/midwifes

Este estudo descritivo, com abordagem qualitativa, teve como objetivo compreender como se dá a assistência do enfermeiro obstetra/obstetriz à mulher imigrante, durante o trabalho de parto e parto. Para obtenção dos dados, foram realizadas entrevistas com 11 enfermeiras obstetras/obstetrizes que tiveram a experiência de assistir mulheres imigrantes, durante o trabalho de parto e parto. Para o tratamento dos dados, foi utilizado o método de análise temática proposto por Bardin, utilizando o referencial da Teoria da Transculturalidade de Leininger, e foi possível obter três temas principais: o primeiro abordou a experiência ao realizar a assistência às mulheres imigrantes, trazendo os sentimentos vivenciados pelas enfermeiras obstetras/obstetrizes nessa experiência; o segundo, as dificuldades encontradas, com categorias relacionadas à linguagem e à cultura e o terceiro sobre os meios encontrados para facilitar a assistência às mulheres imigrantes. Neste estudo, os profissionais que atenderam a mulheres imigrantes relataram dificuldades principalmente relacionadas às barreiras linguísticas e culturais. Indicaram que perceber que a assistência às mulheres imigrantes é diferente é o primeiro passo para o cuidado transcultural. Apontaram que admitir a existência de dificuldades e considerá-las como um obstáculo que necessita ser enfrentado, fazendo com que essa experiência se torne positiva tanto para o profissional quanto para a mulher que está sendo atendida, é importante para que a assistência se torne cada vez melhor. É necessário um maior conhecimento sobre essa população para a adaptação da assistência às especificidades culturais, e o enfermeiro obstetra/obstetriz deve ser sensível a essas diferenças e adaptar seu cuidado. Os dados obtidos neste estudo podem oferecer subsídios para a implementação de ações no âmbito do atendimento às mulheres imigrantes, envolvendo os profissionais de saúde, as instituições de saúde e a população imigrante

This descriptive study, which takes a qualitative approach, sought to understand the workings of assistance given by obstetrics nurse/midwifes to immigrant women during labor and delivery. To obtain this data, interviews were carried out with 11 obstetrics nurses/obstetricians with experience assisting immigrant women during labor and delivery. Interpretation of this data was done via the thematic analysis method proposed by Bardin and by utilizing Leininger's Transcultural Theory, which allowed us to find three main themes: the first touches on the experience of carrying out assistance to immigrant women and concerns the sentiments felt by the obstetrics nurses/midwifes during this experience; the second, the challenges faced, with categories related to language and culture; and third, the ways that were found to facilitate assistance to immigrant women. In this study, the professionals that served immigrant women noted difficulties related primarily to language and cultural barriers. They noted that the perception that there is a difference when assisting immigrant women is the first step in transcultural care. They noted that admitting the existence of difficulties and considering these as obstacles that need to be overcome - turning the experience into something positive for both the professionals and the women being cared for - are important for continuously improving care. It is necessary to have a better understanding of this population to adapt assistance to specific cultures, and the obstetrics nurse/midwifes should be sensitive to these differences and adapt care accordingly. The data obtained in this study can offer support for the implementation of activities to serve immigrant women, involving health professionals, health institutions, and the immigrant population

Socio economic differentials in utilization of maternal health care services: A study in urban slums of District Dehradun.

Background: Health inequity is becoming an emerging issue all over the world. Improving maternal health is one of the UN Millennium Development goals. Pregnant women inhabiting urban slums are a “high risk” group with limited access to health facility. Objective: To study the socio economic profile of the mothers and to study the differentials in utilization of maternal health care by the beneficiaries. Study Design: Descriptive, observational cross-sectional field based study in two purposively selected urban slums of district Dehradun. Results: About 70.9% of mothers belonged to social class II and III and 66% of them belonged to nuclear families. Teenage pregnancy was seen in 8.5%. 93.8% of women received complete antenatal care, majority preferring government hospitals. 93.2% of the women received 100 IFA tablets or more but only 63.7% consumed them for 100 days. Majority of the deliveries were institutional and 79.9% were conducted by trained personnel. About 68.5 % received postnatal care. Conclusion: Although usage of ANC service was high, opportunity to deliver important health services was not fully utilized. Policy and programme to improve the quality and care of antenatal mothers, especially for the poor and under privileged are essential to improve maternal health care. Special interventions should be undertaken on priority basis so as to achieve millennium developmental goals in all population groups.

Estrategias de prevención en la salud de la mujer / Strategies for women preventive health

En este capítulo revisaremos cuatro importantes hitos en la salud preventiva de la mujer.Veremos las recomendaciones actuales de manejo del embarazo y atención del parto con los derechos de la mujer y las prácticas médicas recomendadas.Analizaremos los derechos reproductivos de la mujer y el viraje hacia la anticoncepción hormonal. El cáncer cervicouterino sigue siendo una patología prevalente y veremos como los programas de prevención son exitosos y analizaremos la nueva vacuna para virus papiloma. Finalmente revisaremos 2 tópicos de la mujer climatérica: la salud cardiovascular y la salud ósea

In this chapter we review four major milestones in women's preventive health. We will see the current recommendations for management of pregnancy and delivery care to the rights of women and medical practices recommended. Analyze the reproductive rights of women and the shift to hormonal contraception. Cervical cancer remains a prevalent disease and we will see how prevention programs are successful and we should analyze the new papillomavirus vaccines. Finally we will review two topics of climacteric women: cardiovascular health and bone health

Mulheres, imprensa e higiene: a medicalização do parto na Bahia (1910-1927) / Women, the press, and hygiene: the medicalization of birth in Bahia (1910-1927)

Discute a inserção da imprensa leiga como veículo de disseminação da agenda higienista na cidade de Salvador, Bahia, em princípios do século XX. Os alvos dos articulistas foram o parto medicalizado e os novos padrões de atenção ao corpo feminino e aos recém-nascidos. A Maternidade Climério de Oliveira contou com o apoio irrestrito da imprensa, que não poupou esforços para apresentar esse espaço como ideal para o parto hospitalar.

Report of Newborn deaths at Post-delivery care facilities in 2001 and 2002 / 대한법의학회지

The increase in number of nuclear families and double-income families contributed to the birth of many post-delivery care facilities, and this trend also bolstered such facilities that are not registered as a medical institution to provide post-delivery care to group of infants and new mothers. The fear of anthrax that hit America after the September 11 Attack has attributed to aggravation of the fear of virus in Korea, and the cause of infant deaths at post-delivery care facilities drew unprecedented public attention. In this context, it would be worth to note the cause of infant deaths in six cases that took place in October and November of 2001, March of 2002 at post-delivery care facilities. The age of the victims were 11 days(twin boys), 17 days(girl), 21 days(girl), 15 days(girl), 14 days(girl) and 14 days(boy). The circumstances under which those infants died were varied, but with a exception of one infant, all were presumed to have suffered from diarrhea at the facilities, and were brought to hospitals after suffering from respiratory difficulties only after care providers suspected more serious medical problems than initial thought. The first two autopsies indicated positive for rotavirus test. Autopsies of all cases except one reveal no specific findings that are noteworthy. One case shows global ischemic myocardial necrosis and pneumonia. In five cases where the amount of feeding was tracked down, the less than normal amount of feeding and the slower than normal body-weight increase were noted that lasted for several days before deaths. It is our opinion that even healthy infants in a group care facility require a higher standard of sanitation to prevent various infection and that the use of measurement that easily indicates the correlation between the amount of feeding and the body-weight increase will be helpful to prevent deaths from virus infection at group care type of post-delivery facilities.